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http://www.slideshare.net/xulkifal/physiological-development-of-children-engaged-in-child-labor1-2819982
Child Labour -United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund(UNICEF) defines “child” as anyone below the age of 18, “Child Labour” as some type of work performed by children below age 18.-“Child Labour” is generally speaking, work for children that harms them or exploits them in some way (physically, mentally, morally or blocking access to education) Facts-In Pakistan children of age 5-14 are above 40 millions.-During the last year, the Federal Bureau of Statistics released the results of its survey funded by ILO’s IPEC (International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor). It is found that 3.8 million children are working in Pakistan out of total 40 million children. -Fifty percent of these economically active children are in age group of 5 to 9 years. - 3.8 million economically active children .- 2.7 million were claimed to be working in the agriculture sector - 73% Of the 3.8 million children are the boys. Child Employment Trend Causes-OVER POPULATION: Limited resources and more mouths to feed,-ILLITERACY : Illiterate parents do not realize the need for a proper physical, emotional and cognitive development of a child. -POVERTY: Many a time poverty forces parents to send their children to hazardous jobs. -URBANIZATION: Export industries in the developing world employ child workers, particularly in the garment industry. Consequences-Physical injuries and mutilations :Are caused by badly maintained machinery on farms and in factories, machete accidents in plantations, and any number of hazards encountered in industries such as mining, ceramics and fireworks manufacture -Pesticide poisoning :Is one of the biggest killers of child laborers. In Sri Lanka, pesticides kill more children than diphtheria, malaria, polio and tetanus combined. The global death toll each year from pesticides is supposed to be approximately 40'000 -Growth deficiency :Is prevalent among working children, who tend to be shorter and lighter than other children; these deficiencies also impact on their adult life
Long-term health problems: Such as respiratory disease, asbestosis and a variety of cancers, are common in countries where children are forced to work with dangerous chemicals
HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted: Diseases are rife among the one million children forced into prostitution every year; pregnancy, drug addiction and mental illness are also common among child prostitutes
Exhaustion and malnutrition: Are a result of underdeveloped children performing heavy manual labour, working long hours in unbearable conditions and not earning enough to feed themselves adequately Initiatives towards Elimination of Child LabourThe government has made efforts to prohibit child labor by enacting Child labor laws in India including the 1986 Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation)Government has accordingly been taking proactive steps to tackle this problem through strict enforcement of legislative provisions along with simultaneous rehabilitative measures PROHIBITION OF EMPLOYMENT OF CHILDREN IN CERTAINOCCUPATIONS AND PROCESSES1. Transport of passengers, goods; or mails by railway2. Cinder picking, clearing of an ash pit or building operation in the railwaypremise.3. Work in a catering establishment at a railway station, involving the movementof vendor or any other employee of the establishment from one platform toanother or into or out of a moving train.4. Work relating to the construction of railway station or with any other workwhere such work is done in close proximity to or between the railway lines.5. The port authority within the limits of any port.1076. Work relating to selling of crackers and fireworks in shops with temporarylicenses7. Abattoirs/slaughter Houses8. Automobile workshops and garages.9. Foundries10. Handling of taxies or inflammable substance or explosives11. Handlom and powerloom industry12. Mines (Under ground and under water) and collieries13. Plastic units and Fiber glass workship HOW TO Manage the problem?Ministry of Labour and manpower.Ministry of Education.Ministry of Health.Business Community. Universities of Pakistan.NGOsCivil societyUnited Nations Unicef Opening education centersProviding courses for the parentsHelping children to return to school-Solving economic problems UNITED NATIONS AGAINST CHILD LABOUR -The ILO launched the first World Day Against Child Labour in 2002 as a way to highlight the plight of child workers. The day, which is annually observed on 12 June, is intended to serve as a catalyst for the growing worldwide movement against child labour .-UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) This Convention was adopted by the UN General Assembly on November 20, 1989. The scope of this convention extends to persons up to the age of 18. UNICEF’s approach recognizes that all children are entitled to protection – as laid out in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. UNICEF draws attention to the duties of governments, families, communities and individuals to respect those rights and supports them in doing so.
UNICEF does this by raising awareness and enhancing capacities at various levels of society and in the government. A protective environment is one where everyone – from children and health workers to governments and the private sector … Efforts by Government of Pakistan Developing National Policy and Plan of Action for the elimination of child labour.Activating Media in Combating Child LabourTargeting the Worst Forms of Child Labour through Law Enforcement. Targeting the Worst Forms of Child Labour through Community Development Carrying out National Survey on Child Labour Situation in Pakistan Collecting Information on specific Target Groups under the Worst Forms of Child Labour Efforts of NGOsNon-formal Education and skills Enhancement ProgrammeAwareness Raising and pre-vocational training programme for the Elimination of child labour in commercial agriculture Development of a Training Manual for Master Trainers involved in Child LabourProgrammes. Crisis Intervention and Social/Legal Support Programme for Working Children Child Labour Information, Awareness and rehabilitation programme. Programme for Training and Education of Carpet Weaving Children Mobilizing Multi-sectoral support against child labour. Rehabilitation and Prevention Programme for the children working in Leather Tanneries. Training IPEC Partners in Development, Monitoring and Evaluation of Child Labour Projects EFFORTS OF TRADE UNIONS Child Labour Awareness Raising among Workers. Awareness Raising on the Elimination of Child Labour in interior Sindh. Non-formal education and awareness programme for the children working in textile, garments and leather centres Developing Children withdrawn from work into Skilled Labour Force for the Future Supporting/Strengthening Self-initiated Activities to Combat child Labour. Intensifying Efforts towards Elimination of Child Labour and Restoration/Protection of their Rights including the Right to Education.
http://www.slideshare.net/xulkifal/physiological-development-of-children-engaged-in-child-labor1-2819982
Child Labour -United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund(UNICEF) defines “child” as anyone below the age of 18, “Child Labour” as some type of work performed by children below age 18.-“Child Labour” is generally speaking, work for children that harms them or exploits them in some way (physically, mentally, morally or blocking access to education) Facts-In Pakistan children of age 5-14 are above 40 millions.-During the last year, the Federal Bureau of Statistics released the results of its survey funded by ILO’s IPEC (International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor). It is found that 3.8 million children are working in Pakistan out of total 40 million children. -Fifty percent of these economically active children are in age group of 5 to 9 years. - 3.8 million economically active children .- 2.7 million were claimed to be working in the agriculture sector - 73% Of the 3.8 million children are the boys. Child Employment Trend Causes-OVER POPULATION: Limited resources and more mouths to feed,-ILLITERACY : Illiterate parents do not realize the need for a proper physical, emotional and cognitive development of a child. -POVERTY: Many a time poverty forces parents to send their children to hazardous jobs. -URBANIZATION: Export industries in the developing world employ child workers, particularly in the garment industry. Consequences-Physical injuries and mutilations :Are caused by badly maintained machinery on farms and in factories, machete accidents in plantations, and any number of hazards encountered in industries such as mining, ceramics and fireworks manufacture -Pesticide poisoning :Is one of the biggest killers of child laborers. In Sri Lanka, pesticides kill more children than diphtheria, malaria, polio and tetanus combined. The global death toll each year from pesticides is supposed to be approximately 40'000 -Growth deficiency :Is prevalent among working children, who tend to be shorter and lighter than other children; these deficiencies also impact on their adult life
Long-term health problems: Such as respiratory disease, asbestosis and a variety of cancers, are common in countries where children are forced to work with dangerous chemicals
HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted: Diseases are rife among the one million children forced into prostitution every year; pregnancy, drug addiction and mental illness are also common among child prostitutes
Exhaustion and malnutrition: Are a result of underdeveloped children performing heavy manual labour, working long hours in unbearable conditions and not earning enough to feed themselves adequately Initiatives towards Elimination of Child LabourThe government has made efforts to prohibit child labor by enacting Child labor laws in India including the 1986 Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation)Government has accordingly been taking proactive steps to tackle this problem through strict enforcement of legislative provisions along with simultaneous rehabilitative measures PROHIBITION OF EMPLOYMENT OF CHILDREN IN CERTAINOCCUPATIONS AND PROCESSES1. Transport of passengers, goods; or mails by railway2. Cinder picking, clearing of an ash pit or building operation in the railwaypremise.3. Work in a catering establishment at a railway station, involving the movementof vendor or any other employee of the establishment from one platform toanother or into or out of a moving train.4. Work relating to the construction of railway station or with any other workwhere such work is done in close proximity to or between the railway lines.5. The port authority within the limits of any port.1076. Work relating to selling of crackers and fireworks in shops with temporarylicenses7. Abattoirs/slaughter Houses8. Automobile workshops and garages.9. Foundries10. Handling of taxies or inflammable substance or explosives11. Handlom and powerloom industry12. Mines (Under ground and under water) and collieries13. Plastic units and Fiber glass workship HOW TO Manage the problem?Ministry of Labour and manpower.Ministry of Education.Ministry of Health.Business Community. Universities of Pakistan.NGOsCivil societyUnited Nations Unicef Opening education centersProviding courses for the parentsHelping children to return to school-Solving economic problems UNITED NATIONS AGAINST CHILD LABOUR -The ILO launched the first World Day Against Child Labour in 2002 as a way to highlight the plight of child workers. The day, which is annually observed on 12 June, is intended to serve as a catalyst for the growing worldwide movement against child labour .-UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) This Convention was adopted by the UN General Assembly on November 20, 1989. The scope of this convention extends to persons up to the age of 18. UNICEF’s approach recognizes that all children are entitled to protection – as laid out in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. UNICEF draws attention to the duties of governments, families, communities and individuals to respect those rights and supports them in doing so.
UNICEF does this by raising awareness and enhancing capacities at various levels of society and in the government. A protective environment is one where everyone – from children and health workers to governments and the private sector … Efforts by Government of Pakistan Developing National Policy and Plan of Action for the elimination of child labour.Activating Media in Combating Child LabourTargeting the Worst Forms of Child Labour through Law Enforcement. Targeting the Worst Forms of Child Labour through Community Development Carrying out National Survey on Child Labour Situation in Pakistan Collecting Information on specific Target Groups under the Worst Forms of Child Labour Efforts of NGOsNon-formal Education and skills Enhancement ProgrammeAwareness Raising and pre-vocational training programme for the Elimination of child labour in commercial agriculture Development of a Training Manual for Master Trainers involved in Child LabourProgrammes. Crisis Intervention and Social/Legal Support Programme for Working Children Child Labour Information, Awareness and rehabilitation programme. Programme for Training and Education of Carpet Weaving Children Mobilizing Multi-sectoral support against child labour. Rehabilitation and Prevention Programme for the children working in Leather Tanneries. Training IPEC Partners in Development, Monitoring and Evaluation of Child Labour Projects EFFORTS OF TRADE UNIONS Child Labour Awareness Raising among Workers. Awareness Raising on the Elimination of Child Labour in interior Sindh. Non-formal education and awareness programme for the children working in textile, garments and leather centres Developing Children withdrawn from work into Skilled Labour Force for the Future Supporting/Strengthening Self-initiated Activities to Combat child Labour. Intensifying Efforts towards Elimination of Child Labour and Restoration/Protection of their Rights including the Right to Education.
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